libbpf: add bpf_btf_get_next_id() to cycle through BTF objects

Add an API function taking a BTF object id and providing the id of the
next BTF object in the kernel. This can be used to list all BTF objects
loaded on the system.

v2:
- Rebase on top of Andrii's changes regarding libbpf versioning.

Signed-off-by: Quentin Monnet <quentin.monnet@netronome.com>
Reviewed-by: Jakub Kicinski <jakub.kicinski@netronome.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>