rbd: don't over-allocate space for object prefix

In rbd_header_from_disk() the object prefix buffer is sized based on
the maximum size it's block_name equivalent on disk could be.

Instead, only allocate enough to hold null-terminated string from
the on-disk header--or the maximum size of no NUL is found.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Yehuda Sadeh <yehuda@inktank.com>