samples/bpf: switch trace_output sample to perf_buffer API

Convert trace_output sample to libbpf's perf_buffer API.

Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Acked-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>