userns: Implement sk_user_ns

Add a helper sk_user_ns to make it easy to find the user namespace
of the process that opened a socket.

Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>