drm/i915/quirks: abstract quirks further by making quirk ids an enum

Turn the quirk ids to enums instead of bits, and hide the masking inside
intel_quirks.c. Define the enums in intel_quirks.h to declutter
i915_drv.h while at it.

Signed-off-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@intel.com>
Link: https://patchwork.freedesktop.org/patch/msgid/60d8a20e1f8845b0bef53c2e32d524be888e426d.1661779055.git.jani.nikula@intel.com