bpf: Add a ARG_PTR_TO_CONST_STR argument type

This type provides the guarantee that an argument is going to be a const
pointer to somewhere in a read-only map value. It also checks that this
pointer is followed by a zero character before the end of the map value.

Signed-off-by: Florent Revest <revest@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210419155243.1632274-3-revest@chromium.org