ceph: drop support for preferred_osd pgs

This was an ill-conceived feature that has been removed from Ceph.  Do
this gracefully:

 - reject attempts to specify a preferred_osd via the ioctl
 - stop exposing this information via virtual xattrs
 - always fill in -1 for requests, in case we talk to an older server
 - don't calculate preferred_osd placements/pgids

Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@inktank.com>