ALSA: Core - clean up snd_card_set_id* calls and remove possible id collision

Move locking outside snd_card_set_id_internal() function and rename it
to snd_card_set_id_no_lock() for better function description.

User defined id is just copied to card structure at allocation time.
The real unique id procedure is called in snd_card_register() to
ensure real atomicity.

Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>