- Jan 25, 2014
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Oleg Nesterov authored
rcu_dereference_check_fdtable() looks very wrong, 1. rcu_my_thread_group_empty() was added by 844b9a87 "vfs: fix RCU-lockdep false positive due to /proc" but it doesn't really fix the problem. A CLONE_THREAD (without CLONE_FILES) task can hit the same race with get_files_struct(). And otoh rcu_my_thread_group_empty() can suppress the correct warning if the caller is the CLONE_FILES (without CLONE_THREAD) task. 2. files->count == 1 check is not really right too. Even if this files_struct is not shared it is not safe to access it lockless unless the caller is the owner. Otoh, this check is sub-optimal. files->count == 0 always means it is safe to use it lockless even if files != current->files, but put_files_struct() has to take rcu_read_lock(). See the next patch. This patch removes the buggy checks and turns fcheck_files() into __fcheck_files() which uses rcu_dereference_raw(), the "unshared" callers, fget_light() and fget_raw_light(), can use it to avoid the warning from RCU-lockdep. fcheck_files() is trivially reimplemented as rcu_lockdep_assert() plus __fcheck_files(). Signed-off-by:
Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by:
Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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- Jan 12, 2014
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John Stultz authored
Unfortunately the seqlock lockdep enablement can't be used in sched_clock(), since the lockdep infrastructure eventually calls into sched_clock(), which causes a deadlock. Thus, this patch changes all generic sched_clock() usage to use the raw_* methods. Acked-by:
Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by:
Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org> Reported-by:
Krzysztof Hałasa <khalasa@piap.pl> Signed-off-by:
John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org> Cc: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de> Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu> Signed-off-by:
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1388704274-5278-2-git-send-email-john.stultz@linaro.org Signed-off-by:
Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Rik van Riel authored
Thomas Hellstrom bisected a regression where erratic 3D performance is experienced on virtual machines as measured by glxgears. It identified commit 58d081b5 ("sched/numa: Avoid overloading CPUs on a preferred NUMA node") as the problem which had modified the behaviour of effective_load. Effective load calculates the difference to the system-wide load if a scheduling entity was moved to another CPU. The task group is not heavier as a result of the move but overall system load can increase/decrease as a result of the change. Commit 58d081b5 ("sched/numa: Avoid overloading CPUs on a preferred NUMA node") changed effective_load to make it suitable for calculating if a particular NUMA node was compute overloaded. To reduce the cost of the function, it assumed that a current sched entity weight of 0 was uninteresting but that is not the case. wake_affine() uses a weight of 0 for sync wakeups on the grounds that it is assuming the waking task will sleep and not contribute to load in the near future. In this case, we still want to calculate the effective load of the sched entity hierarchy. As effective_load is no longer used by task_numa_compare since commit fb13c7ee (sched/numa: Use a system-wide search to find swap/migration candidates), this patch simply restores the historical behaviour. Reported-and-tested-by:
Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com> Signed-off-by:
Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> [ Wrote changelog] Signed-off-by:
Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Signed-off-by:
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- Dec 21, 2013
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Masami Ichikawa authored
kmemleak reported a memory leak as below. unreferenced object 0xffff880118f14700 (size 32): comm "swapper/0", pid 1, jiffies 4294877401 (age 123.283s) hex dump (first 32 bytes): 00 01 10 00 00 00 ad de 00 02 20 00 00 00 ad de .......... ..... 00 d4 d2 18 01 88 ff ff 01 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 ................ backtrace: [<ffffffff814edb1e>] kmemleak_alloc+0x4e/0xb0 [<ffffffff811889dc>] kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x1ec/0x260 [<ffffffff810aba66>] pm_vt_switch_required+0x76/0xb0 [<ffffffff812f39f5>] register_framebuffer+0x195/0x320 [<ffffffff8130af18>] efifb_probe+0x718/0x780 [<ffffffff81391495>] platform_drv_probe+0x45/0xb0 [<ffffffff8138f407>] driver_probe_device+0x87/0x3a0 [<ffffffff8138f7f3>] __driver_attach+0x93/0xa0 [<ffffffff8138d413>] bus_for_each_dev+0x63/0xa0 [<ffffffff8138ee5e>] driver_attach+0x1e/0x20 [<ffffffff8138ea40>] bus_add_driver+0x180/0x250 [<ffffffff8138fe74>] driver_register+0x64/0xf0 [<ffffffff813913ba>] __platform_driver_register+0x4a/0x50 [<ffffffff8191e028>] efifb_driver_init+0x12/0x14 [<ffffffff8100214a>] do_one_initcall+0xfa/0x1b0 [<ffffffff818e40e0>] kernel_init_freeable+0x17b/0x201 In pm_vt_switch_required(), "entry" variable is allocated via kmalloc(). So, in pm_vt_switch_unregister(), it needs to call kfree() when object is deleted from list. Signed-off-by:Masami Ichikawa <masami256@gmail.com> Reviewed-by:
Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> Signed-off-by:
Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
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- Dec 20, 2013
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Kirill A. Shutemov authored
In struct page we have enough space to fit long-size page->ptl there, but we use dynamically-allocated page->ptl if size(spinlock_t) is larger than sizeof(int). It hurts 64-bit architectures with CONFIG_GENERIC_LOCKBREAK, where sizeof(spinlock_t) == 8, but it easily fits into struct page. Signed-off-by:
Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Acked-by:
Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by:
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- Dec 19, 2013
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Tejun Heo authored
Freezable kthreads and workqueues are fundamentally problematic in that they effectively introduce a big kernel lock widely used in the kernel and have already been the culprit of several deadlock scenarios. This is the latest occurrence. During resume, libata rescans all the ports and revalidates all pre-existing devices. If it determines that a device has gone missing, the device is removed from the system which involves invalidating block device and flushing bdi while holding driver core layer locks. Unfortunately, this can race with the rest of device resume. Because freezable kthreads and workqueues are thawed after device resume is complete and block device removal depends on freezable workqueues and kthreads (e.g. bdi_wq, jbd2) to make progress, this can lead to deadlock - block device removal can't proceed because kthreads are frozen and kthreads can't be thawed because device resume is blocked behind block device removal. 839a8e86 ("writeback: replace custom worker pool implementation with unbound workqueue") made this particular deadlock scenario more visible but the underlying problem has always been there - the original forker task and jbd2 are freezable too. In fact, this is highly likely just one of many possible deadlock scenarios given that freezer behaves as a big kernel lock and we don't have any debug mechanism around it. I believe the right thing to do is getting rid of freezable kthreads and workqueues. This is something fundamentally broken. For now, implement a funny workaround in libata - just avoid doing block device hot[un]plug while the system is frozen. Kernel engineering at its finest. :( v2: Add EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pm_freezing) for cases where libata is built as a module. v3: Comment updated and polling interval changed to 10ms as suggested by Rafael. v4: Add #ifdef CONFIG_FREEZER around the hack as pm_freezing is not defined when FREEZER is not configured thus breaking build. Reported by kbuild test robot. Signed-off-by:
Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reported-by:
Tomaž Šolc <tomaz.solc@tablix.org> Reviewed-by:
"Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=62801 Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20131213174932.GA27070@htj.dyndns.org Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Cc: kbuild test robot <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
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Rik van Riel authored
There are a few subtle races, between change_protection_range (used by mprotect and change_prot_numa) on one side, and NUMA page migration and compaction on the other side. The basic race is that there is a time window between when the PTE gets made non-present (PROT_NONE or NUMA), and the TLB is flushed. During that time, a CPU may continue writing to the page. This is fine most of the time, however compaction or the NUMA migration code may come in, and migrate the page away. When that happens, the CPU may continue writing, through the cached translation, to what is no longer the current memory location of the process. This only affects x86, which has a somewhat optimistic pte_accessible. All other architectures appear to be safe, and will either always flush, or flush whenever there is a valid mapping, even with no permissions (SPARC). The basic race looks like this: CPU A CPU B CPU C load TLB entry make entry PTE/PMD_NUMA fault on entry read/write old page start migrating page change PTE/PMD to new page read/write old page [*] flush TLB reload TLB from new entry read/write new page lose data [*] the old page may belong to a new user at this point! The obvious fix is to flush remote TLB entries, by making sure that pte_accessible aware of the fact that PROT_NONE and PROT_NUMA memory may still be accessible if there is a TLB flush pending for the mm. This should fix both NUMA migration and compaction. [mgorman@suse.de: fix build] Signed-off-by:
Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by:
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Mel Gorman authored
Inaccessible VMA should not be trapping NUMA hint faults. Skip them. Signed-off-by:
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Vivek Goyal authored
Commit 1b3a5d02 ("reboot: move arch/x86 reboot= handling to generic kernel") moved reboot= handling to generic code. In the process it also removed the code in native_machine_shutdown() which are moving reboot process to reboot_cpu/cpu0. I guess that thought must have been that all reboot paths are calling migrate_to_reboot_cpu(), so we don't need this special handling. But kexec reboot path (kernel_kexec()) is not calling migrate_to_reboot_cpu() so above change broke kexec. Now reboot can happen on non-boot cpu and when INIT is sent in second kerneo to bring up BP, it brings down the machine. So start calling migrate_to_reboot_cpu() in kexec reboot path to avoid this problem. Bisected by WANG Chao. Reported-by:
Matthew Whitehead <mwhitehe@redhat.com> Reported-by:
Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com> Signed-off-by:
Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com> Tested-by:
Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Tested-by:
WANG Chao <chaowang@redhat.com> Acked-by:
H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by:
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- Dec 17, 2013
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Kirill Tkhai authored
This patch touches the RT group scheduling case. Functions inc_rt_prio_smp() and dec_rt_prio_smp() change (global) rq's priority, while rt_rq passed to them may be not the top-level rt_rq. This is wrong, because changing of priority on a child level does not guarantee that the priority is the highest all over the rq. So, this leak makes RT balancing unusable. The short example: the task having the highest priority among all rq's RT tasks (no one other task has the same priority) are waking on a throttle rt_rq. The rq's cpupri is set to the task's priority equivalent, but real rq->rt.highest_prio.curr is less. The patch below fixes the problem. Signed-off-by:
Kirill Tkhai <tkhai@yandex.ru> Signed-off-by:
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Mel Gorman authored
Commit 42eb088e (sched: Avoid NULL dereference on sd_busy) corrected a NULL dereference on sd_busy but the fix also altered what scheduling domain it used for the 'sd_llc' percpu variable. One impact of this is that a task selecting a runqueue may consider idle CPUs that are not cache siblings as candidates for running. Tasks are then running on CPUs that are not cache hot. This was found through bisection where ebizzy threads were not seeing equal performance and it looked like a scheduling fairness issue. This patch mitigates but does not completely fix the problem on all machines tested implying there may be an additional bug or a common root cause. Here are the average range of performance seen by individual ebizzy threads. It was tested on top of candidate patches related to x86 TLB range flushing. 4-core machine 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 vanilla fixsd-v3r3 Mean 1 0.00 ( 0.00%) 0.00 ( 0.00%) Mean 2 0.34 ( 0.00%) 0.10 ( 70.59%) Mean 3 1.29 ( 0.00%) 0.93 ( 27.91%) Mean 4 7.08 ( 0.00%) 0.77 ( 89.12%) Mean 5 193.54 ( 0.00%) 2.14 ( 98.89%) Mean 6 151.12 ( 0.00%) 2.06 ( 98.64%) Mean 7 115.38 ( 0.00%) 2.04 ( 98.23%) Mean 8 108.65 ( 0.00%) 1.92 ( 98.23%) 8-core machine Mean 1 0.00 ( 0.00%) 0.00 ( 0.00%) Mean 2 0.40 ( 0.00%) 0.21 ( 47.50%) Mean 3 23.73 ( 0.00%) 0.89 ( 96.25%) Mean 4 12.79 ( 0.00%) 1.04 ( 91.87%) Mean 5 13.08 ( 0.00%) 2.42 ( 81.50%) Mean 6 23.21 ( 0.00%) 69.46 (-199.27%) Mean 7 15.85 ( 0.00%) 101.72 (-541.77%) Mean 8 109.37 ( 0.00%) 19.13 ( 82.51%) Mean 12 124.84 ( 0.00%) 28.62 ( 77.07%) Mean 16 113.50 ( 0.00%) 24.16 ( 78.71%) It's eliminated for one machine and reduced for another. Signed-off-by:
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Alexander Shishkin authored
Currently, only one PMU in a context gets disabled during unthrottling and event_sched_{out,in}(), however, events in one context may belong to different pmus, which results in PMUs being reprogrammed while they are still enabled. This means that mixed PMU use [which is rare in itself] resulted in potentially completely unreliable results: corrupted events, bogus results, etc. This patch temporarily disables PMUs that correspond to each event in the context while these events are being modified. Signed-off-by:Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by:
Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by:
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Li Zefan authored
Hugh reported this bug: > CONFIG_MEMCG_SWAP is broken in 3.13-rc. Try something like this: > > mkdir -p /tmp/tmpfs /tmp/memcg > mount -t tmpfs -o size=1G tmpfs /tmp/tmpfs > mount -t cgroup -o memory memcg /tmp/memcg > mkdir /tmp/memcg/old > echo 512M >/tmp/memcg/old/memory.limit_in_bytes > echo $$ >/tmp/memcg/old/tasks > cp /dev/zero /tmp/tmpfs/zero 2>/dev/null > echo $$ >/tmp/memcg/tasks > rmdir /tmp/memcg/old > sleep 1 # let rmdir work complete > mkdir /tmp/memcg/new > umount /tmp/tmpfs > dmesg | grep WARNING > rmdir /tmp/memcg/new > umount /tmp/memcg > > Shows lots of WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 1006 at kernel/res_counter.c:91 > res_counter_uncharge_locked+0x1f/0x2f() > > Breakage comes from 34c00c31 ("memcg: convert to use cgroup id"). > > The lifetime of a cgroup id is different from the lifetime of the > css id it replaced: memsw's css_get()s do nothing to hold on to the > old cgroup id, it soon gets recycled to a new cgroup, which then > mysteriously inherits the old's swap, without any charge for it. Instead of removing cgroup id right after all the csses have been offlined, we should do that after csses have been destroyed. To make sure an invalid css pointer won't be returned after the css is destroyed, make sure css_from_id() returns NULL in this case. tj: Updated comment to note planned changes for cgrp->id. Reported-by:
Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Reviewed-by:
Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Signed-off-by:
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- Dec 16, 2013
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Miao Xie authored
Ftrace currently initializes only the online CPUs. This implementation has two problems: - If we online a CPU after we enable the function profile, and then run the test, we will lose the trace information on that CPU. Steps to reproduce: # echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online # cd <debugfs>/tracing/ # echo <some function name> >> set_ftrace_filter # echo 1 > function_profile_enabled # echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online # run test - If we offline a CPU before we enable the function profile, we will not clear the trace information when we enable the function profile. It will trouble the users. Steps to reproduce: # cd <debugfs>/tracing/ # echo <some function name> >> set_ftrace_filter # echo 1 > function_profile_enabled # run test # cat trace_stat/function* # echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online # echo 0 > function_profile_enabled # echo 1 > function_profile_enabled # cat trace_stat/function* # run test # cat trace_stat/function* So it is better that we initialize the ftrace profiler for each possible cpu every time we enable the function profile instead of just the online ones. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1387178401-10619-1-git-send-email-miaox@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 2.6.31+ Signed-off-by:
Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by:
Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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- Dec 13, 2013
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Xiao Guangrong authored
We run into this bug: [ 2736.063245] Unable to handle kernel paging request for data at address 0x00000000 [ 2736.063293] Faulting instruction address: 0xc00000000037efb0 [ 2736.063300] Oops: Kernel access of bad area, sig: 11 [#1] [ 2736.063303] SMP NR_CPUS=2048 NUMA pSeries [ 2736.063310] Modules linked in: sg nfsv3 rpcsec_gss_krb5 nfsv4 dns_resolver nfs fscache nf_conntrack_netbios_ns nf_conntrack_broadcast ipt_MASQUERADE ip6table_mangle ip6table_security ip6table_raw ip6t_REJECT iptable_nat nf_nat_ipv4 iptable_mangle iptable_security iptable_raw ipt_REJECT nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 xt_conntrack ebtable_filter ebtables ip6table_filter iptable_filter ip_tables ip6table_nat nf_conntrack_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_nat_ipv6 nf_nat nf_conntrack ip6_tables ibmveth pseries_rng nx_crypto nfsd auth_rpcgss nfs_acl lockd sunrpc binfmt_misc xfs libcrc32c dm_service_time sd_mod crc_t10dif crct10dif_common ibmvfc scsi_transport_fc scsi_tgt dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log dm_multipath dm_mod [ 2736.063383] CPU: 1 PID: 7128 Comm: ssh Not tainted 3.10.0-48.el7.ppc64 #1 [ 2736.063389] task: c000000131930120 ti: c0000001319a0000 task.ti: c0000001319a0000 [ 2736.063394] NIP: c00000000037efb0 LR: c0000000006c40f8 CTR: 0000000000000000 [ 2736.063399] REGS: c0000001319a3870 TRAP: 0300 Not tainted (3.10.0-48.el7.ppc64) [ 2736.063403] MSR: 8000000000009032 <SF,EE,ME,IR,DR,RI> CR: 28824242 XER: 20000000 [ 2736.063415] SOFTE: 0 [ 2736.063418] CFAR: c00000000000908c [ 2736.063421] DAR: 0000000000000000, DSISR: 40000000 [ 2736.063425] GPR00: c0000000006c40f8 c0000001319a3af0 c000000001074788 c0000001319a3bf0 GPR04: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000020 000000000000000a GPR08: fffffffe00000002 00000000ffff0000 0000000080000001 c000000000924888 GPR12: 0000000028824248 c000000007e00400 00001fffffa0f998 0000000000000000 GPR16: 0000000000000022 00001fffffa0f998 0000010022e92470 0000000000000000 GPR20: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 GPR24: 0000000000000000 c000000000f4a828 00003ffffe527108 0000000000000000 GPR28: c000000000f4a730 c000000000f4a828 0000000000000000 c0000001319a3bf0 [ 2736.063498] NIP [c00000000037efb0] .__list_add+0x30/0x110 [ 2736.063504] LR [c0000000006c40f8] .rwsem_down_write_failed+0x78/0x264 [ 2736.063508] PACATMSCRATCH [800000000280f032] [ 2736.063511] Call Trace: [ 2736.063516] [c0000001319a3af0] [c0000001319a3b80] 0xc0000001319a3b80 (unreliable) [ 2736.063523] [c0000001319a3b80] [c0000000006c40f8] .rwsem_down_write_failed+0x78/0x264 [ 2736.063530] [c0000001319a3c50] [c0000000006c1bb0] .down_write+0x70/0x78 [ 2736.063536] [c0000001319a3cd0] [c0000000002e5ffc] .keyctl_get_persistent+0x20c/0x320 [ 2736.063542] [c0000001319a3dc0] [c0000000002e2388] .SyS_keyctl+0x238/0x260 [ 2736.063548] [c0000001319a3e30] [c000000000009e7c] syscall_exit+0x0/0x7c [ 2736.063553] Instruction dump: [ 2736.063556] 7c0802a6 fba1ffe8 fbc1fff0 fbe1fff8 7cbd2b78 7c9e2378 7c7f1b78 f8010010 [ 2736.063566] f821ff71 e8a50008 7fa52040 40de00c0 <e8be0000> 7fbd2840 40de0094 7fbff040 [ 2736.063579] ---[ end trace 2708241785538296 ]--- It's caused by uninitialized persistent_keyring_register_sem. The bug was introduced by commit f36f8c75, two typos are in that commit: CONFIG_KEYS_KERBEROS_CACHE should be CONFIG_PERSISTENT_KEYRINGS and krb_cache_register_sem should be persistent_keyring_register_sem. Signed-off-by:
Xiao Guangrong <xiaoguangrong@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by:
David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
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Kirill Tkhai authored
Always remove generated SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING files while doing make mrproper. Signed-off-by:
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David Howells authored
Fix the gathering of certificates from both the source tree and the build tree to correctly calculate the pathnames of all the certificates. The problem was that if the default generated cert, signing_key.x509, didn't exist then it would not have a path attached and if it did, it would have a path attached. This means that the contents of kernel/.x509.list would change between the first compilation in a directory and the second. After the second it would remain stable because the signing_key.x509 file exists. The consequence was that the kernel would get relinked unconditionally on the second recompilation. The second recompilation would also show something like this: X.509 certificate list changed CERTS kernel/x509_certificate_list - Including cert /home/torvalds/v2.6/linux/signing_key.x509 AS kernel/system_certificates.o LD kernel/built-in.o which is why the relink would happen. Unfortunately, it isn't a simple matter of just sticking a path on the front of the filename of the certificate in the build directory as make can't then work out how to build it. So the path has to be prepended to the name for sorting and duplicate elimination and then removed for the make rule if it is in the build tree. Reported-by:
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- Dec 12, 2013
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Linus Torvalds authored
When debugging the read-only hugepage case, I was confused by the fact that get_futex_key() did an access_ok() only for the non-shared futex case, since the user address checking really isn't in any way specific to the private key handling. Now, it turns out that the shared key handling does effectively do the equivalent checks inside get_user_pages_fast() (it doesn't actually check the address range on x86, but does check the page protections for being a user page). So it wasn't actually a bug, but the fact that we treat the address differently for private and shared futexes threw me for a loop. Just move the check up, so that it gets done for both cases. Also, use the 'rw' parameter for the type, even if it doesn't actually matter any more (it's a historical artifact of the old racy i386 "page faults from kernel space don't check write protections"). Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: -
Linus Torvalds authored
The hugepage code had the exact same bug that regular pages had in commit 7485d0d3 ("futexes: Remove rw parameter from get_futex_key()"). The regular page case was fixed by commit 9ea71503 ("futex: Fix regression with read only mappings"), but the transparent hugepage case (added in a5b338f2: "thp: update futex compound knowledge") case remained broken. Found by Dave Jones and his trinity tool. Reported-and-tested-by:
Dave Jones <davej@fedoraproject.org> Cc: stable@kernel.org # v2.6.38+ Acked-by:
Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by:
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- Dec 11, 2013
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Christian suffers from a bad BIOS that wrecks his i5's TSC sync. This results in him occasionally seeing time going backwards - which crashes the scheduler ... Most of our time accounting can actually handle that except the most common one; the tick time update of sched_fair. There is a further problem with that code; previously we assumed that because we get a tick every TICK_NSEC our time delta could never exceed 32bits and math was simpler. However, ever since Frederic managed to get NO_HZ_FULL merged; this is no longer the case since now a task can run for a long time indeed without getting a tick. It only takes about ~4.2 seconds to overflow our u32 in nanoseconds. This means we not only need to better deal with time going backwards; but also means we need to be able to deal with large deltas. This patch reworks the entire code and uses mul_u64_u32_shr() as proposed by Andy a long while ago. We express our virtual time scale factor in a u32 multiplier and shift right and the 32bit mul_u64_u32_shr() implementation reduces to a single 32x32->64 multiply if the time delta is still short (common case). For 64bit a 64x64->128 multiply can be used if ARCH_SUPPORTS_INT128. Reported-and-Tested-by:
Christian Engelmayer <cengelma@gmx.at> Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Yinghai reported that he saw a /0 in sg_capacity on his EX parts. Make sure to always initialize power_orig now that we actually use it. Ideally build_sched_domains() -> init_sched_groups_power() would also initialize this; but for some yet unexplained reason some setups seem to miss updates there. Reported-by:
Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org> Tested-by:
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- Dec 10, 2013
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Hendrik Brueckner authored
Apart from data-type specific alignment constraints, there are also architecture-specific alignment requirements. For example, on s390 symbols must be on even addresses implying a 2-byte alignment. If the system_certificate_list_end symbol is on an odd address and if this address is loaded, the least-significant bit is ignored. As a result, the load_system_certificate_list() fails to load the certificates because of a wrong certificate length calculation. To be safe, align system_certificate_list on an 8-byte boundary. Also improve the length calculation of the system_certificate_list content. Introduce a system_certificate_list_size (8-byte aligned because of unsigned long) variable that stores the length. Let the linker calculate this size by introducing a start and end label for the certificate content. Signed-off-by:
Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by:
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Rusty Russell authored
$ git status # On branch pending-rebases # Untracked files: # (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) # # kernel/x509_certificate_list nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track) $ Signed-off-by:
Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by:
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- Dec 07, 2013
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Khalid Aziz authored
Add a flag to tell the PCI subsystem that kernel is shutting down in preparation to kexec a kernel. Add code in PCI subsystem to use this flag to clear Bus Master bit on PCI devices only in case of kexec reboot. This fixes a power-off problem on Acer Aspire V5-573G and likely other machines and avoids any other issues caused by clearing Bus Master bit on PCI devices in normal shutdown path. The problem was introduced by b566a22c ("PCI: disable Bus Master on PCI device shutdown"). This patch is based on discussion at http://marc.info/?l=linux-pci&m=138425645204355&w=2 Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=63861 Reported-by:
Chang Liu <cl91tp@gmail.com> Signed-off-by:
Khalid Aziz <khalid.aziz@oracle.com> Signed-off-by:
Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Acked-by:
Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.5+
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- Dec 06, 2013
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Tejun Heo authored
ae7f164a ("cgroup: move cgroup->subsys[] assignment to online_css()") moved cgroup->subsys[] assignements later in cgroup_create() but didn't update error handling path accordingly leading to the following oops and leaking later css's after an online_css() failure. The oops is from cgroup destruction path being invoked on the partially constructed cgroup which is not ready to handle empty slots in cgrp->subsys[] array. BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000008 IP: [<ffffffff810eeaa8>] cgroup_destroy_locked+0x118/0x2f0 PGD a780a067 PUD aadbe067 PMD 0 Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP Modules linked in: CPU: 6 PID: 7360 Comm: mkdir Not tainted 3.13.0-rc2+ #69 Hardware name: task: ffff8800b9dbec00 ti: ffff8800a781a000 task.ti: ffff8800a781a000 RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff810eeaa8>] [<ffffffff810eeaa8>] cgroup_destroy_locked+0x118/0x2f0 RSP: 0018:ffff8800a781bd98 EFLAGS: 00010282 RAX: ffff880586903878 RBX: ffff880586903800 RCX: ffff880586903820 RDX: ffff880586903860 RSI: ffff8800a781bdb0 RDI: ffff880586903820 RBP: ffff8800a781bde8 R08: ffff88060e0b8048 R09: ffffffff811d7bc1 R10: 000000000000008c R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff8800a72286c0 R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffffffff81cf7a40 R15: 0000000000000001 FS: 00007f60ecda57a0(0000) GS:ffff8806272c0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000000000000008 CR3: 00000000a7a03000 CR4: 00000000000007e0 Stack: ffff880586903860 ffff880586903910 ffff8800a72286c0 ffff880586903820 ffffffff81cf7a40 ffff880586903800 ffff88060e0b8018 ffffffff81cf7a40 ffff8800b9dbec00 ffff8800b9dbf098 ffff8800a781bec8 ffffffff810ef5bf Call Trace: [<ffffffff810ef5bf>] cgroup_mkdir+0x55f/0x5f0 [<ffffffff811c90ae>] vfs_mkdir+0xee/0x140 [<ffffffff811cb07e>] SyS_mkdirat+0x6e/0xf0 [<ffffffff811c6a19>] SyS_mkdir+0x19/0x20 [<ffffffff8169e569>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b This patch moves reference bumping inside online_css() loop, clears css_ar[] as css's are brought online successfully, and updates err_destroy path so that either a css is fully online and destroyed by cgroup_destroy_locked() or the error path frees it. This creates a duplicate css free logic in the error path but it will be cleaned up soon. v2: Li pointed out that cgroup_destroy_locked() would do NULL-deref if invoked with a cgroup which doesn't have all css's populated. Update cgroup_destroy_locked() so that it skips NULL css's. Signed-off-by:
Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.12+
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- Dec 05, 2013
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Steven Rostedt authored
It has been reported that boot up with FTRACE_SELFTEST enabled can take a very long time. There can be stalls of over a minute. This was tracked down to the synchronize_sched() called when a system call event is disabled. As the self tests enable and disable thousands of events, this makes the synchronize_sched() get called thousands of times. The synchornize_sched() was added with d562aff9 "tracing: Add support for SOFT_DISABLE to syscall events" which caused this regression (added in 3.13-rc1). The synchronize_sched() is to protect against the events being accessed when a tracer instance is being deleted. When an instance is being deleted all the events associated to it are unregistered. The synchronize_sched() makes sure that no more users are running when it finishes. Instead of calling synchronize_sched() for all syscall events, we only need to call it once, after the events are unregistered and before the instance is deleted. The event_mutex is held during this action to prevent new users from enabling events. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20131203124120.427b9661@gandalf.local.home Reported-by:
Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz> Acked-by:
Tom Zanussi <tom.zanussi@linux.intel.com> Acked-by:
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- Nov 29, 2013
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Thomas Gleixner authored
If CONFIG_NO_HZ=n tick_nohz_get_sleep_length() returns NSEC_PER_SEC/HZ. If CONFIG_NO_HZ=y and the nohz functionality is disabled via the command line option "nohz=off" or not enabled due to missing hardware support, then tick_nohz_get_sleep_length() returns 0. That happens because ts->sleep_length is never set in that case. Set it to NSEC_PER_SEC/HZ when the NOHZ mode is inactive. Reported-by:
Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Signed-off-by:
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- Nov 28, 2013
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Helge Deller authored
The init_kernel_text() and core_kernel_text() functions should not include the labels _einittext and _etext when checking if an address is inside the .text or .init sections. Signed-off-by:
Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Signed-off-by:
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- Nov 27, 2013
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Tejun Heo authored
If a cgroup file implements either read_map() or read_seq_string(), such file is served using seq_file by overriding file->f_op to cgroup_seqfile_operations, which also overrides the release method to single_release() from cgroup_file_release(). Because cgroup_file_open() didn't use to acquire any resources, this used to be fine, but since f7d58818 ("cgroup: pin cgroup_subsys_state when opening a cgroupfs file"), cgroup_file_open() pins the css (cgroup_subsys_state) which is put by cgroup_file_release(). The patch forgot to update the release path for seq_files and each open/release cycle leaks a css reference. Fix it by updating cgroup_file_release() to also handle seq_files and using it for seq_file release path too. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Juri hit the below lockdep report: [ 4.303391] ====================================================== [ 4.303392] [ INFO: SOFTIRQ-safe -> SOFTIRQ-unsafe lock order detected ] [ 4.303394] 3.12.0-dl-peterz+ #144 Not tainted [ 4.303395] ------------------------------------------------------ [ 4.303397] kworker/u4:3/689 [HC0[0]:SC0[0]:HE0:SE1] is trying to acquire: [ 4.303399] (&p->mems_allowed_seq){+.+...}, at: [<ffffffff8114e63c>] new_slab+0x6c/0x290 [ 4.303417] [ 4.303417] and this task is already holding: [ 4.303418] (&(&q->__queue_lock)->rlock){..-...}, at: [<ffffffff812d2dfb>] blk_execute_rq_nowait+0x5b/0x100 [ 4.303431] which would create a new lock dependency: [ 4.303432] (&(&q->__queue_lock)->rlock){..-...} -> (&p->mems_allowed_seq){+.+...} [ 4.303436] [ 4.303898] the dependencies between the lock to be acquired and SOFTIRQ-irq-unsafe lock: [ 4.303918] -> (&p->mems_allowed_seq){+.+...} ops: 2762 { [ 4.303922] HARDIRQ-ON-W at: [ 4.303923] [<ffffffff8108ab9a>] __lock_acquire+0x65a/0x1ff0 [ 4.303926] [<ffffffff8108cbe3>] lock_acquire+0x93/0x140 [ 4.303929] [<ffffffff81063dd6>] kthreadd+0x86/0x180 [ 4.303931] [<ffffffff816ded6c>] ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0 [ 4.303933] SOFTIRQ-ON-W at: [ 4.303933] [<ffffffff8108abcc>] __lock_acquire+0x68c/0x1ff0 [ 4.303935] [<ffffffff8108cbe3>] lock_acquire+0x93/0x140 [ 4.303940] [<ffffffff81063dd6>] kthreadd+0x86/0x180 [ 4.303955] [<ffffffff816ded6c>] ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0 [ 4.303959] INITIAL USE at: [ 4.303960] [<ffffffff8108a884>] __lock_acquire+0x344/0x1ff0 [ 4.303963] [<ffffffff8108cbe3>] lock_acquire+0x93/0x140 [ 4.303966] [<ffffffff81063dd6>] kthreadd+0x86/0x180 [ 4.303969] [<ffffffff816ded6c>] ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0 [ 4.303972] } Which reports that we take mems_allowed_seq with interrupts enabled. A little digging found that this can only be from cpuset_change_task_nodemask(). This is an actual deadlock because an interrupt doing an allocation will hit get_mems_allowed()->...->__read_seqcount_begin(), which will spin forever waiting for the write side to complete. Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Reported-by:Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@gmail.com> Signed-off-by:
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Thomas Gleixner authored
Tony reported that aa0d5326 ("ia64: Use preempt_schedule_irq") broke PREEMPT=n builds on ia64. Ok, wrapped my brain around it. I tripped over the magic asm foo which has a single need_resched check and schedule point for both sys call return and interrupt return. So you need the schedule_preempt_irq() for kernel preemption from interrupt return while on a normal syscall preemption a schedule would be sufficient. But using schedule_preempt_irq() is not harmful here in any way. It just sets the preempt_active bit also in cases where it would not be required. Even on preempt=n kernels adding the preempt_active bit is completely harmless. So instead of having an extra function, moving the existing one out of the ifdef PREEMPT looks like the sanest thing to do. It would also allow getting rid of various other sti/schedule/cli asm magic in other archs. Reported-and-Tested-by:
Tony Luck <tony.luck@gmail.com> Fixes: aa0d5326 ("ia64: Use preempt_schedule_irq") Signed-off-by:
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Eric W. Biederman authored
Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> writes: > Hi Oleg, > > commit 40a0d32d : > "fork: unify and tighten up CLONE_NEWUSER/CLONE_NEWPID checks" > breaks lxc-attach in 3.12. That code forks a child which does > setns() and then does a clone(CLONE_PARENT). That way the > grandchild can be in the right namespaces (which the child was > not) and be a child of the original task, which is the monitor. > > lxc-attach in 3.11 was working fine with no side effects that I > could see. Is there a real danger in allowing CLONE_PARENT > when current->nsproxy->pidns_for_children is not our pidns, > or was this done out of an "over-abundance of caution"? Can we > safely revert that new extra check? The two fundamental things I know we can not allow are: - A shared signal queue aka CLONE_THREAD. Because we compute the pid and uid of the signal when we place it in the queue. - Changing the pid and by extention pid_namespace of an existing process. From a parents perspective there is nothing special about the pid namespace, to deny CLONE_PARENT, because the parent simply won't know or care. From the childs perspective all that is special really are shared signal queues. User mode threading with CLONE_PARENT|CLONE_VM|CLONE_SIGHAND and tasks in different pid namespaces is almost certainly going to break because it is complicated. But shared signal handlers can look at per thread information to know which pid namespace a process is in, so I don't know of any reason not to support CLONE_PARENT|CLONE_VM|CLONE_SIGHAND threads at the kernel level. It would be absolutely stupid to implement but that is a different thing. So hmm. Because it can do no harm, and because it is a regression let's remove the CLONE_PARENT check and send it stable. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Acked-by:
Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net> Acked-by:
Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> Signed-off-by:
"Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
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- Nov 26, 2013
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Steven Rostedt (Red Hat) authored
Commit 8c4f3c3f "ftrace: Check module functions being traced on reload" fixed module loading and unloading with respect to function tracing, but it missed the function graph tracer. If you perform the following # cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing # echo function_graph > current_tracer # modprobe nfsd # echo nop > current_tracer You'll get the following oops message: ------------[ cut here ]------------ WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 2910 at /linux.git/kernel/trace/ftrace.c:1640 __ftrace_hash_rec_update.part.35+0x168/0x1b9() Modules linked in: nfsd exportfs nfs_acl lockd ipt_MASQUERADE sunrpc ip6t_REJECT nf_conntrack_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv6 ip6table_filter ip6_tables uinput snd_hda_codec_idt CPU: 2 PID: 2910 Comm: bash Not tainted 3.13.0-rc1-test #7 Hardware name: To Be Filled By O.E.M. To Be Filled By O.E.M./To be filled by O.E.M., BIOS SDBLI944.86P 05/08/2007 0000000000000668 ffff8800787efcf8 ffffffff814fe193 ffff88007d500000 0000000000000000 ffff8800787efd38 ffffffff8103b80a 0000000000000668 ffffffff810b2b9a ffffffff81a48370 0000000000000001 ffff880037aea000 Call Trace: [<ffffffff814fe193>] dump_stack+0x4f/0x7c [<ffffffff8103b80a>] warn_slowpath_common+0x81/0x9b [<ffffffff810b2b9a>] ? __ftrace_hash_rec_update.part.35+0x168/0x1b9 [<ffffffff8103b83e>] warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x1c [<ffffffff810b2b9a>] __ftrace_hash_rec_update.part.35+0x168/0x1b9 [<ffffffff81502f89>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x364/0x364 [<ffffffff810b2cc2>] ftrace_shutdown+0xd7/0x12b [<ffffffff810b47f0>] unregister_ftrace_graph+0x49/0x78 [<ffffffff810c4b30>] graph_trace_reset+0xe/0x10 [<ffffffff810bf393>] tracing_set_tracer+0xa7/0x26a [<ffffffff810bf5e1>] tracing_set_trace_write+0x8b/0xbd [<ffffffff810c501c>] ? ftrace_return_to_handler+0xb2/0xde [<ffffffff811240a8>] ? __sb_end_write+0x5e/0x5e [<ffffffff81122aed>] vfs_write+0xab/0xf6 [<ffffffff8150a185>] ftrace_graph_caller+0x85/0x85 [<ffffffff81122dbd>] SyS_write+0x59/0x82 [<ffffffff8150a185>] ftrace_graph_caller+0x85/0x85 [<ffffffff8150a2d2>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b ---[ end trace 940358030751eafb ]--- The above mentioned commit didn't go far enough. Well, it covered the function tracer by adding checks in __register_ftrace_function(). The problem is that the function graph tracer circumvents that (for a slight efficiency gain when function graph trace is running with a function tracer. The gain was not worth this). The problem came with ftrace_startup() which should always be called after __register_ftrace_function(), if you want this bug to be completely fixed. Anyway, this solution moves __register_ftrace_function() inside of ftrace_startup() and removes the need to call them both. Reported-by:
Dave Wysochanski <dwysocha@redhat.com> Fixes: ed926f9b ("ftrace: Use counters to enable functions to trace") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.0+ Signed-off-by:
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- Nov 25, 2013
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Bjorn Helgaas authored
This reverts commit c2fda509. c2fda509 removed lockdep annotation from work_on_cpu() to work around the PCI path that calls work_on_cpu() from within a work_on_cpu() work item (PF driver .probe() method -> pci_enable_sriov() -> add VFs -> VF driver .probe method). 961da7fb6b22 ("PCI: Avoid unnecessary CPU switch when calling driver .probe() method) avoids that recursive work_on_cpu() use in a different way, so this revert restores the work_on_cpu() lockdep annotation. Signed-off-by:
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Laxman Dewangan authored
When the system enters suspend, it disables all interrupts in suspend_device_irqs(), including the interrupts marked EARLY_RESUME. On the resume side things are different. The EARLY_RESUME interrupts are reenabled in sys_core_ops->resume and the non EARLY_RESUME interrupts are reenabled in the normal system resume path. When suspend_noirq() failed or suspend is aborted for any other reason, we might omit the resume side call to sys_core_ops->resume() and therefor the interrupts marked EARLY_RESUME are not reenabled and stay disabled forever. To solve this, enable all irqs unconditionally in irq_resume() regardless whether interrupts marked EARLY_RESUMEhave been already enabled or not. This might try to reenable already enabled interrupts in the non failure case, but the only affected platform is XEN and it has been confirmed that it does not cause any side effects. [ tglx: Massaged changelog. ] Signed-off-by:
Laxman Dewangan <ldewangan@nvidia.com> Acked-by-and-tested-by:
Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com> Acked-by:
Heiko Stuebner <heiko@sntech.de> Reviewed-by:
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- Nov 22, 2013
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Li Bin authored
When one work starts execution, the high bits of work's data contain pool ID. It can represent a maximum of WORK_OFFQ_POOL_NONE. Pool ID is assigned WORK_OFFQ_POOL_NONE when the work being initialized indicating that no pool is associated and get_work_pool() uses it to check the associated pool. So if worker_pool_assign_id() assigns a ID greater than or equal WORK_OFFQ_POOL_NONE to a pool, it triggers leakage, and it may break the non-reentrance guarantee. This patch fix this issue by modifying the worker_pool_assign_id() function calling idr_alloc() by setting @end param WORK_OFFQ_POOL_NONE. Furthermore, in the current implementation, the BUILD_BUG_ON() in init_workqueues makes no sense. The number of worker pools needed cannot be determined at compile time, because the number of backing pools for UNBOUND workqueues is dynamic based on the assigned custom attributes. So remove it. tj: Minor comment and indentation updates. Signed-off-by:
Li Bin <huawei.libin@huawei.com> Signed-off-by:
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Li Bin authored
It seems the "dying" should be "draining" here. Signed-off-by:
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Tejun Heo authored
An ordered workqueue implements execution ordering by using single pool_workqueue with max_active == 1. On a given pool_workqueue, work items are processed in FIFO order and limiting max_active to 1 enforces the queued work items to be processed one by one. Unfortunately, 4c16bd32 ("workqueue: implement NUMA affinity for unbound workqueues") accidentally broke this guarantee by applying NUMA affinity to ordered workqueues too. On NUMA setups, an ordered workqueue would end up with separate pool_workqueues for different nodes. Each pool_workqueue still limits max_active to 1 but multiple work items may be executed concurrently and out of order depending on which node they are queued to. Fix it by using dedicated ordered_wq_attrs[] when creating ordered workqueues. The new attrs match the unbound ones except that no_numa is always set thus forcing all NUMA nodes to share the default pool_workqueue. While at it, add sanity check in workqueue creation path which verifies that an ordered workqueues has only the default pool_workqueue. Signed-off-by:
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Oleg Nesterov authored
Move the setting of PF_NO_SETAFFINITY up before set_cpus_allowed() in create_worker(). Otherwise userland can change ->cpus_allowed in between. Signed-off-by:
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Tejun Heo authored
Since be445626 ("cgroup: remove synchronize_rcu() from cgroup_diput()"), cgroup destruction path makes use of workqueue. css freeing is performed from a work item from that point on and a later commit, ea15f8cc ("cgroup: split cgroup destruction into two steps"), moves css offlining to workqueue too. As cgroup destruction isn't depended upon for memory reclaim, the destruction work items were put on the system_wq; unfortunately, some controller may block in the destruction path for considerable duration while holding cgroup_mutex. As large part of destruction path is synchronized through cgroup_mutex, when combined with high rate of cgroup removals, this has potential to fill up system_wq's max_active of 256. Also, it turns out that memcg's css destruction path ends up queueing and waiting for work items on system_wq through work_on_cpu(). If such operation happens while system_wq is fully occupied by cgroup destruction work items, work_on_cpu() can't make forward progress because system_wq is full and other destruction work items on system_wq can't make forward progress because the work item waiting for work_on_cpu() is holding cgroup_mutex, leading to deadlock. This can be fixed by queueing destruction work items on a separate workqueue. This patch creates a dedicated workqueue - cgroup_destroy_wq - for this purpose. As these work items shouldn't have inter-dependencies and mostly serialized by cgroup_mutex anyway, giving high concurrency level doesn't buy anything and the workqueue's @max_active is set to 1 so that destruction work items are executed one by one on each CPU. Hugh Dickins: Because cgroup_init() is run before init_workqueues(), cgroup_destroy_wq can't be allocated from cgroup_init(). Do it from a separate core_initcall(). In the future, we probably want to reorder so that workqueue init happens before cgroup_init(). Signed-off-by:
Shawn Bohrer <shawn.bohrer@gmail.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20131111220626.GA7509@sbohrermbp13-local.rgmadvisors.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/g/alpine.LNX.2.00.1310301606080.2333@eggly.anvils Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.9+
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